Constitution
of India is the supreme law of India. It is a living record, an instrument
which makes the administration system work. It sets out the system characterizing
basic political standards, sets up the structure, techniques, forces and
obligations of government establishments and sets out essential rights, mandate
standards and the obligations of citizens. It is the longest written constitution
of any sovereign nation on the plant and it’s containing 449 articles in 25
parts, 12 schedules, 5 supplements and 101 Amendments.
Salient Features of the Indian Constitution
Following
are the silent features.
i.
Written Constitution
The
constitution of Indian is written form. According to the recommendations of the
Cabinet Mission Plan; Constituent Assembly was set up for confining a
constitution for the Union of India. The Assembly comprised of the agents of
the regions and the candidates of the states and finally adopted a constitution.
ii.
Partly Rigid and Partly Flexible
The
Constitution of India is rigid and flexible. There is a symphonic mix of rigidity
and flexibility. A few sections of the Constitution can be amended by the
customary law-production prepare by Parliament. Certain provisions can be amended,
just when a Bill for that object is passed in house of Parliament by a greater
part of the aggregate participation of that house and. by a lion's share of at
the very least two-third of the members from that house present and voting. At
that point there are sure different provisions which can be amend by the second strategy
portrayed above and are endorsed by the lawmaking bodies of at least
one-portion of the states before being displayed to the President for his
consent. It should likewise be noticed that the ability to start bills for
revision lies in Parliament alone, and not in the state legislatures.
iii.
Parliamentary form of Government
The
constitution of India sets up a parliamentary type of a legislature both at the
Center and the State. The essence of the parliamentary government is its
obligation to the Legislature. The president is the constitutional leader of
the State yet the genuine official power is vested in the gathering of ministers
whose head is the Prime Minister.
iv.
Fundamental Rights
The
joining of a formal assertion of Fundamental Rights in part III of the
Constitution is considered to be a recognizing highlight of a fair State. These
rights are forbiddings against the State. The State can't make a law which
takes away or shortens any of the privileges of the natives ensured to some part
III of Constitution.
v.
Constitution of the units also included
The
constitution of an elected state more often only with the Federal Government
and leaves the combining units to draw their own particular constitutions. This
practice was followed in the encircling of the constitutions of the USA, USSR,
Canada and other Federal States. In any case, the Indian constitution gives the
constitutions of both the Union and the states. This has added to the main part
of the Indian constitution.
vi.
A federation with strong centralizing tendency
The
most remarkable element of the Indian Constitution is that being a government
Constitution it secures a unitary character amid the season of crisis. Amid the
decree of crisis the ordinary dissemination of powers amongst Center and State
experiences a fundamental change. The union parliament is engage to administer
on any subject specified in the state list. The money related plans between the
Center and State can likewise be adjusted by the Union Government.
vii.
Socialist State
India
is a communist state. The expression "Socialist" was added to the
introduction of the constitution by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of
1976. In any case, it is to be noticed that the "Socialism" conceived
by the constitution is not the typical state communism of Russian or Chinese
assortment which includes nationalization of the considerable number of method
for production, distribution; communication and so on.
viii.
Adult Suffrage
The
old system of shared electorates has been canceled and the uniform adult suffrage
system has been received. Under the Indian Constitution each man and ladies
over 18 years old has been given the privilege to choose delegates for the
governing body.
ix.
A federal Polity
The
constitution is government in nature yet the term; "Federation" has
now here been utilized as a part of the constitution. India has been depicted
as a Union of States as indicated by the Article 1 of the constitution. There is
twenty five century in the union, every one with a different Executive, Legislature
and Judiciary. Powers have been isolated between the Union Government from one
perspective and the states on the other by the constitution itself. The
constitution is sovereign and there is arrangement for judicial review.
x.
A Secular State
A
Secular State has no religion of its own as perceived religion of State. It
treats all religions similarly. Articles 25 to 28 of the Indian Constitution
give solid shape to this idea of secularism. It certifications to each
individual the opportunity of still, small voice and the privilege to maintain
and propagate religion. In a Secular express, the state just manages the
relationship amongst man and man.
xi.
Single Citizenship
Indian
constitution provides only single citizenship.
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