Introduction
The
Eighth Amendment has a big change with Article 58 2(b), which in turn is
considered to be the provision that introduced the presidential power to
dissolve the National Assembly at his discretion where, in his opinion, appeal
to the electorate was necessary. On such dissolution, elections were to be
called within one hundred days.
Total
Amendments in Constitution of Pakistan 1973
Till
January 2015 twenty one amendments have been made in constitution of Pakistan
1973.
.jpg "Eight Amendment in Constitution 1973")
Explanation
of Eighth Amendment
Following
are the points are important for explanation of eighth amendment with reference
to its effects on political or parliamentary system of Pakistan.
1.
Dissolution of National Assembly
President
could dissolve National Assembly when vote of no-confidence had been passed
against Prime Minister, and no other member of National Assembly had confidence
of majority of members of National Assembly in accordance with provisions of
constitution.
President
could dissolve National Assembly when a situation had arisen in which
government of federation could not be carried on in accordance with provisions
of constitution and an appeal to electorate had become necessary.
2.
Semi Presidential System
Through
the Eighth Amendment transformed parliamentary system of Pakistan into
semi-presidential system. In fact, this amendment granted vast powers to
President, and these powers made President more powerful than Parliament.
3.
Effect on Political or Parliamentary System
Eighth
Amendment produced negative effects on political or parliamentary system of
Pakistan. First it changed parliamentary system into semi-presidential system,
and then caused dissolution of five elected National Assembly with dismissal of
five elected governments.
Conclusion
To
conclude, it can be stated that amendments, which have been so far made in
constitution of Pakistan, can be divided into two kinds: some of the were passed
by Parliament and other amendments were inserted into constitution by military
dictators. Eighth Amendment was that Amendment, which was initially introduced
by military dictator and which Parliament later on had to pass, because it was
mandatory for its won survival. In this way, acts of General Zia-ul-Haq’s
regime were protected under this Amendment.
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